Investment consulting is the trust entrusted by investors, to provide advice on investment projects and programs of the consultation: The main content of investment advice: for investment projects with market research and forecasting, investment opportunities and risk analysis, feasibility research and evaluation of feasibility studies, to provide alternative investment solutions, drafting, amendments to the investment contracts, agreements, articles of incorporation and other documents; introduce the nation's investment policies and regulations.
Investment advisory - role
Like other consulting investment consulting is to provide information services industry. Information is the basis for consultation, consultation is an important way to achieve commercialization of information. Therefore, the investment advisory role is to achieve information on the construction, conversion, optimization, and coordination and so on.
1. Doubts the role of
Content is to ask advice, planning and discussion. In terms of the principals, the purpose of consultation is to gain knowledge, intelligence and information to solve their difficult problems. The construction investment advisory function is to investors through the investment advisory, investment activities to further understand the law, present and future investment activities, investment activities continue to eliminate the status and trends of uncertainty in understanding the function. Socio-economic activities and rapid development of science and technology, market demand changing, increasingly competitive, survival and development of the external environment and internal conditions are increasingly becoming multi-factor, multi-variable, multi-target complex system, so people's understanding of information and requirements necessary to strengthen. The investment industry, the construction must be by means of investment advisory function, to predict future changes in trends, reduce blindness in investment decisions, which aim to improve investment results.
2. Conversion function
Information transfer and conversion, including three types:
First, the conversion of the carrier;
Second, the content of the conversion;
Third, the information that intangible "wealth", "productivity", be converted into material wealth and production capacity.
For investment information consultation, the most important feature is the third function, that is, through the development of human intelligence resources, accumulation and transfer, better role in the process of economic activity.
3. Optimization of the role
Direct investment advisory function is to optimize investment decisions, optimize the investment management and optimization of investment services. This is also to carry out the purpose and destination of investment advice.
In the investment advisory activities to optimize the role of the main reflected in three aspects:
(1) improve the investment decision-making capacity. China's investment in the field of losses caused by policy mistakes, is well known. Abroad have the formula: × velocity = effective decision-making. Making mistakes, all bets are off. Highly developed in modern science and technology, the increasing scale of social activities, change more rapidly, affecting more and more widely in the case, simply a region, a department or a unit leader in understanding, to the investment goal to make the right decisions, the possibility is very small. Therefore, it depends on the use of specialized advisory body of experts in all aspects, technology, information and scientific methods to provide consulting services to achieve the correct decision-making purposes. Such as Shanghai, "Baosteel Yangtze River (library building) water diversion project feasibility consulting" scientific decision made, they received a significant effect. Baosteel reform cited the Yangtze River water, the amount of project investment 50 million yuan per annum operating cost savings of several million dollars, an annual saving of power consumption of 25 million degrees. Facts have proved that the investment consulting industry as an investment decision makers of scientific decision-making "brain" and "staff" status has been widely accepted.
(2) improve the quality of investment management. Investment decisions to achieve scientific and democratic, the increased investment in the quality of management is very important. The so-called investment management, including planning, design, labor, material and financial aspects of management, which involves a wide range of internal and external collaboration with many links, but also by natural conditions, resource conditions, productivity layout and material and technical conditions. A large industrial construction projects, individual projects up to dozens, hundreds, on-site construction workers gathered inside, dozens of types of work, while hundreds of cross-assembly-line construction machinery, construction services outside the national coordination unit is almost over all sectors of the economy, if left to scientific management, left the unified command, unified action, will cause a serious waste, and even confusion. As an independent investment advisory organization, to determine through research and scientific investigation to conclusion consultative approach for investment management to identify weaknesses and put forward a systematic, scientific management methods to improve the quality of management, improve the management level.
(3) improve investment returns. For a long time, China's investment expansion, low investment returns, the reasons for this situation are numerous, but in the investment field, do not attach importance to consulting business is an important reason. Large number of investment projects, such as decision-making, there is no market demand for the project, construction tasks, and the economic benefits of systematic investment in research and demonstration, on hastily; or the "feasibility study" as the investment dispute, a stepping stone on the project and "approval" means, even leading department set "tone", "green light launched", bear the investment risk investment decision-making responsibility with the phase out. Therefore, improving investment effectiveness, long-term unresolved. Now state publicly announced bank loans and medium-sized construction projects and projects without consultation and demonstration, and non-project loans. This is a fundamental decision to block the blind, racking our brains launched the road, coupled with increased investment by the quality of management consulting, investment efficiency is not high, there may be resolved soon.
4. Coordinating role
In the face of the formation and development of a wide range of investment markets, investment advisory role is another directly, through the transmission of information to organize and coordinate the financial, technical, material, labor, etc., to enhance the rate of investment and construction, improve investment cost. This will provide investment opportunities for the investors, but also for the investment needs of those looking for investment partners. This promotion, prosperity, regulation, control and management of the investment market, to control the investment scale, adjust the direction of investment, monitoring investment risk, investment transfers surplus and deficiency, and promote the improvement of investment efficiency will play an important role.
Investment Consulting - principles:
Should follow an independent investment consulting, scientific, fair and workable principles to re-credit, and efficiency, abide by the contract and dedicated service as commissioned by their own business policy.
1. The principle of independence
First, the advisory body should be independent, to the independent exercise of legal rights;
The second is to decide whether to accept an independent commission, an independent research program to develop independent thinking and dealing with the consultation process to complete the major problems encountered;
Third, the program provides counseling, advice and strategies, is the country's total line, principles and policy guidance, made independently.
Is easier to establish this principle, to obtain the desired effect completely is more difficult, requiring consultants in consultation activities, must not be behind closed doors, subjective, but some people can not meet the psychological engage in "consultation was ordered" to be full possession of material , using the collective wisdom, to make accurate judgments.
2. The principle of the feasibility
Commissioned consultants to provide advice for the program to be realistic and practical. Should not boast, sake of making criticisms, overestimate benefits and underestimate the difficulties, the study of responses to scientific and reliable, the options must be based on science, optimization, reliability, based on measures clearly can not talk about principles, not to mention the measures, and finally can not be organized and implemented.
3. The principles of fairness
For all commissioned consultants to be objective and fair, especially for consulting projects commissioned controversial, or up and down about incidental consulting projects, must be independent of position, scientific attitude, to make a fair conclusion of the consultation, in order to maintain consultation institutions of social prestige.
4. Scientific principles
Is in the consultation process, the use of scientific methods of research, forecasting and analysis; consultants working attitude to be realistic, meticulous, quantitative analysis of all data to go through, all with the data insist on talking. Results of the consultation to be scientific proof, does not have the slightest false.
5. The principle of what one
A wide range of investment advisory business, the difficulty vary greatly, so to carry out the scope of investment advisory business consultants according to the quantity and quality, their grasp of the information, materials, data, how much, and consulting to determine the status of network formation. Adhere to what the principle should not eat more than a perfectionist impractical.
Investment Consulting - Classification
Investment advisory classification, from the level to divide the total, can be divided into macro consulting, meso-and micro-consulting advice of three parts; object by consulting division can be divided into the government, regional or sector, enterprises and institutions of the consultation; by the form of division can be divided into written and oral advice and so on.
(A) of the different levels of classification
1. Called macro-development strategy advice or consultation. It is entrusted, research and feasibility studies in a given period and the total investment in fixed assets over the same period the state may provide financial, material and human resources are compatible: investment structure, layout, directions how to manipulate; investment guidelines, policies and major measures how to develop; investment financing channels; how to make full use of the coastal mainland and remote areas of talent, technology, resources, and so on. This consultation issues related to the sustainability of the national economy, coordinated and stable development, related to the total demand and total supply of overall balance, related to the stage of production growth and production potential. So it is not an investment advisory body to an individual to complete and require research by the relevant state departments taking the lead, the mobilization of experts composed of a large consulting team, the use of historical, recent and foreign information, data, information, and adopt modern means to complete.
2. The concept of consultation. It refers to an economic zone or a provincial development plan to the county's strategic investment consulting. Such consultation objectives, content and direction of the required consultation with the macro similarities. It is mainly focused on the region in a certain period of investment size, structure and direction for local economic development. The concept of investment advice, under the conditions of socialism in our country, first of all be familiar with the macro guiding ideology, to understand the national, regional investment in the region and the history and current status of the region's strengths and weaknesses, etc., through large amounts of data, the use of advanced scientific computing tools and methods, analysis, prediction, comparison and demonstration of the region's total investment scale, investment structure, direction, policies, fund-raising to provide optimal options for decision-making departments. The concept of investment advice, generally led by a consulting department, in conjunction with various departments in the region, the experts and practitioners to help assess the feasibility studies, consulting together to complete the task.
3. Micro-consulting. It refers to the feasibility of a project investment and construction consulting, general services for the person who commissions the following: First, the market, including products in the domestic and international sales, price trends, competitive products, and possible a new generation of products more ; second, to ascertain the resources, power supply is a collaborative piece; third, select a product program, production scale, the best technology and the corresponding equipment; fourth, environmental protection and comprehensive utilization; fifth, site selection, plant composition and regional arrangements; sixth, organization and management structure and staff training; seventh, construction period and operation time; eighth, project budget, financing, use and repayment; ninth, evaluation of investment results, including product cost , may provide the profits and taxes, and payback period, etc., but also from the global and regional economic considerations, focus on the macro-, meso-economic benefits.
(B) the classification of the organizational form of consultation
By this form of classification can be divided into:
1. Internal consulting, also known as self-counseling. By the department or unit is standing advisory bodies and expert advice for the self.
Internal consulting is characterized by:
First, confidentiality, and internal intelligence, not easy to leak confidential;
Second, convenient and flexible, free from outside influence;
Third, cost savings, obviating the need to pay consulting fees.
But there are also disadvantages, mainly prone to one-sidedness, limitations, lack of impartiality, not easily accepted by third parties.
2. External consultation. Usually employ experts outside of the unit or agency consultation. Characteristics of this type of consultation is more fair, reasonable, or as consultants commissioned between agencies and there is no fundamental and interest, so the consultation carried out by small one-sidedness, limitations, and also has a higher authority. The disadvantage is that consulting fees are usually higher.
3. Temporary commission consultation. In some cases, such as the advisory body within the unit less than consultants, or professional knowledge structure out of proportion, you can usually temporary commission of outside experts or organizations involved in consulting, organizing temporary joint advisory body, subject, once completed, an advisory body that is to dissolve itself .
(C) divided by the length of time
1. Long-term counseling. Refers to the advisory body to consult on investment projects for 3-5 years to be consecutive, or even longer, management consulting, legal advice, such advice is essentially an advisory body on enterprise long-term mentoring relationships. Return visit regularly or irregularly discussion, or send "agents" or "consultants" for long-term counseling.
2. Short-term consultancies. Is generally a one-time consultation for one month, two weeks or less, usually to solve a particular problem for the special consultation.
(D) the nature of classification by the Advisory
1. Special consultation. Means the customer needs for specific topics, or mutually agreed with the customer the topic of the consultations carried out as general project evaluation, feasibility studies; legal advice in contract disputes; engineering economy in the tender bidding; Information and the opportunity to consult in response to inquiries, and so on. General topics such simple consulting project, the content simple, easy access to information, advice the required human and material resources into fewer, shorter.
2. Comprehensive consultation. Refers to the more complex, large-scale, comprehensive in its advisory. Such as strategic consulting, policy advice often encountered departments, regional development planning, technology planning, product development plans, etc.; and medium-sized construction project feasibility study; investment management consulting business in the thesis, and so on. As the complexity of the subject, content range, the data is difficult to measure, so the need to organize experts in various fields, and even a few joint advisory bodies for consultation. Its investment in human and financial resources are more prolonged.
(E) divided by a consultative way
1. Oral advice. That is directly answered by the consultants commissioned consultants to ask questions. General content of concise information for counseling, information transfer; the existing rules, regulations, methods of introduction and general comments of the consultation. Due to the quality of consultants and agency constraints, it has great limitations, but can meet with counselors to answer questions more specific, there is room for discussion.
2. A written inquiry. Commissioned by the consultants that were based on the requirements, and afterwards written to provide information, data, information or answer questions. Generally huge, far-reaching, involving a wide range of technical and economic issues are more difficult in this way to show responsibility.
Investment Consulting - Content:
Investment Consulting, which mainly include:
1. Investment Strategy Consulting
Major consulting are: macro-scale of investment, investment direction, investment structure, investment focus, the investment environment analysis and recommendations; industries, sectors to develop long-term development planning; regional economic development strategy study; countries and annual investment plans and long-term analysis and recommendations.
2. Investment policy advice
Major consulting are: macro-control and investment policy to improve investment efficiency analysis and recommendations; current investment policy and related financial, fiscal, foreign investment policy, evaluation and recommendations; investment policy systems.
3. Investment Information
Major consulting are: the investment of social, economic and technical information available; seeking investment partners to introduce investment opportunities; customer credit counseling, special investigation and prediction.
4. Feasibility Study Consulting
Major consulting are: Investment Opportunities; market research and forecasting; evaluation of the project design and construction; technical environment, financial and economic evaluation; feasibility study report.
5. Project evaluation and consulting
Major consulting are: business and project profile review; market and scale analysis; technology and design analysis; financial projections and financial benefit analysis; economic analysis; assessment of the implementation of the establishment.
6. Investment fund raising consulting
Major consulting are: to raise domestic financing of the introduction; the introduction of foreign financing; contact the bank loans; bonds, the analysis of stock issuance and construction; Joint analysis and recommendations.
7. Engineering design and consultation
Major consulting are: the preparation of the design of the mission statement; principal-agent design; involved in the design process of products, equipment and other information provided; project takes, budget preparation and review.
8. Tendering advice
Major consulting are: preparation of tender documents; pre-tender review; construction contractors selected; design, construction, equipment, etc. the whole process of bidding. Tender the contract proposal.
9, the construction quality management consulting
Major consulting are: construction quality management consulting; building materials quality management consulting; equipment quality management consulting; exploration, design quality management consulting.
10. Investment in legal advice
Major consulting are: domestic investment legal advice; survey and design contracts signed; construction and installation contracts signed; foreign investment legal advice; International Bidding law advice; foreign investment, legal advice.
11. Project Management Consulting
Major consulting are: business strategy analysis and development; marketing management analysis and recommendations; financial cost management analysis and recommendations.
