International Multimodal Transport-What is the international multimodal transport?
International multimodal transport is a location to another and the territory under the multimodal transport contract, at least two different modes of transport, multimodal transport operator, the goods from the territory of a country to take over the goods to specify the location of delivery of the goodsmodes of transport.
Multimodal transport operator (the Combined Transport Operator-CTO), refers to any person of his own or through their representatives, the multimodal transport contract. He bears the responsibility for the performance of the multimodal transport contract.
The difference between the international multimodal transport and international transport of goods:
Very few international multimodal transport by an operator to assume all transportation. Often told the commission of the shippers, intermodal operators to handle part of the carriage work, while the rest of the transport work commissioned other carrier. But this is different from the single mode of transport for those receiving the multimodal transport operator shall be responsible to transfer the care of the carrier, only in accordance with the contract of carriage, the relationship between the CTO is responsible for any business relationship with shippers. Therefore, the multimodal transport operator is the actual carrier, but "NVOCC (Non-Vessel Operating Carrier, referred to as the NVOC). International multimodal transport general international transport of goods at different points in the following areas:
(1) the content and production methods of shipping documents.
International multimodal transport for most of the "door to door" transport of goods shipment or loading or installed by the actual carrier issuing the bill of lading or waybill issued by the multimodal transport operator, the multimodal transport bill of lading, which is multi-modal intermodal with a single international shipping method is fundamentally different. In this case, the bill of lading or waybill shipper should be multimodal transport operator, consignee and notify party should normally be foreign affiliates of the multimodal transport operator or its agent; multimodal transport bill of lading the consignee and the consignor is a real, actual shipper and consignee, notify party is the port of destination or the final delivery location of the consignee or the agent of the consignee.
Unless otherwise specified port of loading on the multimodal transport bill of lading, port of discharge, but also sets out the receipt, the name of the place of delivery or final destination, as well as the name of the first leg of means of transport, cruises or trips, etc.
(2) the applicability of the multimodal transport bill of lading, and the transferability of general maritime bills of lading.
Only the general maritime bills of lading for sea, from this sense, the multimodal transport bill of lading only applies when combined in the maritime and other modes of transportation, but now it also applies to the outside of the shipping of two or more different modes of transport continuity of cross-border transport (foreign international multimodal transport document "can avoid conceptual confusion).
Multimodal transport bill of lading to the non-negotiable waybill transferability of the ocean bill of lading and other transport mode one, the multimodal transport operator, the issue of transfer may also be issued non-transferable, according to the requirements of the shipper can intermodal bill of lading. In the former case, the consignee column should be used to order; the latter case, the consignee column should specify the name of the consignee, and non-negotiable bill of lading.
(3) the terms of the letter of credit.
Under the terms of the multimodal transportation needs, the letter of credit shall have the following three-point changes:
(1) to the bank for negotiation can not be used to clean on board bill of lading issued by shipping companies and multimodal transport bill of lading should be issued by the multimodal transport operator, and should also indicate the bill of lading the rise of production, in order to clear the possibility of transfer.
The ② multimodal transport container transport in general (except in exceptional circumstances, such as machinery and equipment shipped overseas project contracting is not necessarily used containers), and therefore should increase in the credit designated by the terms of the container transport.
③ such as banks help turn single, changed directly by the shipper or consignor or multimodal transport operator to send the single to the consignee or agent as soon as possible to obtain the shipping documents, to speed up the delivery of the goods in the port of destination (land), should add in the credit and shipping documents directly by the consignor or by the multimodal transport operator to send the terms of the consignee or his agent ". By the multimodal transport operator to send a single shipper out of the need for negotiation of settlement by the multimodal transport operator, issue a receipt of shipping documents have been sent "to prove.
(4) the procedures of customs clearance.
Most of the place of delivery of general international transport of goods at the loading port, destination mostly in the port of discharge, and thus handle the formalities of customs declaration and clearance goods enter or leave the port. Departure of international multimodal transport of goods, mostly in the inland cities, inland customs of goods for transit control procedures, examined and released by the Customs of exit. The final destination of the imported goods such as the inland cities, the Customs General of the entry port inspection and regulatory procedures for transit until the goods arrive at the final destination by the local customs inspection release.
International multimodal transport characteristics:
1, the international multimodal transport under the multimodal transport contract. International multimodal transport contract is entered into by the multimodal transport operator and the consignor and the multimodal transport conditions of the contract of carriage. The contract is proof of the multimodal transport document issued by the multimodal transport operator, compensation, contract and do not contract.
International multimodal transport of goods containerized cargo or containerized goods. General as the basic unit of transport container during transport. Containerized cargo to promote the development of international multimodal transport, modern container transport since they arise from the multimodal transport closely linked to international multimodal transport has a high efficiency of container transport, high-quality, high technology, high input and systemic characteristics.
(3) at least two or more different modes of transport, international transport of goods in international multimodal transport the entire transport.
4, the international multimodal transport is one vote in the end, the implementation of the full single rate of transport. Consignor only apply for one consignment, time dollars to pay the freight, an insurance can be achieved by a transport document, the whole coherent transport the shipment to destination. Therefore, it has the characteristics of the simplification and harmonization.
5, the international multimodal transport is the umbrella organization of the different modes of transport. During transport, whether it involves divided into how many sections to the kinds of modes of transport, international multimodal transport is completed by the multimodal transport operator or organizations, international multimodal transport operator responsible for the entire transport. From the place of departure to take over the goods, delivered at the final destination of goods and the entire transport of each section the convergence of work and related services business, a branch or agent in different countries or regions by the international multimodal transport operator.
6, the international multimodal transport operator by the choice of goods transportation routes, modes of transport, the transport section of the divided and each section of the actual carrier selection to reduce transportation costs, and improve the speed of transportation, to achieve the purpose of reasonable transportation.
International multimodal transport should have the condition:
International multimodal transport shall meet the following conditions:
(1) The multimodal transport operator and the shipper must be signed between the multimodal transport contract, clearly bearing the care of the rights, obligations and immunities relationship. Multimodal transport contract is the fundamental basis for determining the multimodal transport nature, but also the difference between the main basis of the multimodal transport and general intermodal.
(2) must use the full multimodal transport document (MultimodalTransportDocuments, M.T.D · China is now used C.T.B / L). If the document is both a document of title, but also securities.
(3) must be a full single tariff. This tariff is a charge, including transportation costs (the sum of the transport fees), management fees and a reasonable profit.
(4) overall responsibility must be a multimodal transport operator for the entire transport. He is a multimodal transport contract was signed with the shipper party, but also issue a multimodal transport document or a multimodal transport bill of lading, he assumed the acceptance of the goods until delivery of the goods during the entire transport responsibility.
(5) must be coherent transport of two or more different modes of transport. Transport such as sea / sea, iron / iron, and air / air transport, for two-way, but still belongs to multimodal transport, which is an important difference in the intermodal and multimodal transport. At the same time, in a single mode of transport for short-distance car shuttle does not belong to the multimodal transport.
(6) must be the international transport of goods across borders. This is the difference between domestic transport and international transport restrictions.
International multimodal transport program:
, To accept the consignment applications for multimodal transport contract
Multimodal transport operator checked the application and transport routes proposed by the shippers, the judgment whether or not to accept applications for the consignment, the consignor or his agent reached under the two sides the transfer of goods, time, location, payment method, etc. agreement and fill in the receipt of the station, and sent to the multimodal transport operator are numbered, multimodal transport operator, the number left after the consignment of goods linked to the other joint returned to the consignor or his agent.
2, the issuance of empty containers, extraction and transportation
Container used in intermodal transport is generally provided by the multimodal transport operator, the source of these containers, there are three possible situations: one is the multimodal transport operator to the purchase of container used, the rental company to borrow box container, three the entire transport in a partial shipments, mutual agreement by the consignor own packing, the multimodal transport operator shall issue a the suitcase bill or leasing companies or Waybill issued by the suitcase handed to the consignor or its agent, by the specified date to the specified depot for their own empty container hauling to the packing of goods location, ready to load.
3, the export declaration
If the multimodal transport from the port, just in the port declaration; from inland areas, it should be in the nearby inland customs offices for customs export declaration matters are generally handled by the consignor or his agent can also be commissioned by the multimodal transport operator people to handle the customs station receipts, packing lists, export licenses and other relevant documents and files should be provided.
4, the packing of goods and acceptance of goods
If the consignor own packing, consignor or his agent to extract the empty phase in their own factories and warehouses organizations packing, packing work generally after the declaration of Customs staff to supervise the installation of the stuffing location and handling of sealed matters For the tally, should be invited to the the tallymen site tally with co-production of packing list.
For self-packing of the FCL by the owner, the consignor shall be responsible for the goods to the place stipulated by the agreement, the multimodal transport operator or his representative at the designated locations to receive the goods, if the LCL, from multi-modal CTO in the specified freight station to receive the goods after acceptance of goods, on behalf of the multimodal transport operator to receive the goods should be present at the station on the original receipt signature and deliver to the consignor or his agent.
5, booking and arrangements for the transportation of goods
After the conclusion of the contract, the multimodal transport operator shall immediately formulate the contract involved in containerized cargo transport plan, the plan should include cargo transportation routes, the division of the section, each section of the actual carrier selection and to determine the interval of convergence location arrival, departure time.
Here referred to booking refers to the multimodal transport operator to be arranged in accordance with the transportation plan consistent set of each section means of transport, and selected the actual partial shipments contract carrier to enter into each section of these contracts entered into by the multi-modal CTO himself or commissioned agents to deal with the actual carrier of the previous section may also be requested as the back section of the actual carrier booking.
Cargo transport plan arrangements must be scientific and leeway, should contact each other work, adjusted according to actual situation and plan to avoid each other out of touch.
6, the insurance
Consignor should insure the cargo insurance, the insurance is handled by the consignor, or the costs borne by the consignor and by the multimodal transport operator to handle the cargo insurance to the full insured, can also be sub- segment insurance, cargo liability insurance and container insurance in the multimodal transport operator, should be insured, by the multimodal transport operator or their agents to insurance companies or other forms of handling.
7, the issue of multimodal transport bill of lading, the organization completed the entire transportation of goods
Representatives of the multimodal transport operator to receive the goods, multimodal transport operator, the consignor should be the issue of multimodal transport bill of lading before the bill of lading to the consignor should be noted that according to agreed payment method and content, the number of payment of all fees payable to the consignor.
Multimodal transport operator has the responsibility and obligation to complete and organizations to complete the entire transport, organization of each section after the cargo has been accepted, the actual carrier, the dispatched institutions and representatives of the coordination to complete the transport of each section of each section in full interface between work and do a variety of services and transport documents, documents and information about the organization and coordination involved in the transport process.
Customs business in the transport process
The entire transport of the convention, the international multimodal transport shall be deemed to international transport of goods, so the links work, including customs clearance of cargo and container importing countries, imports of domestic land segment bonded transport procedures and customs clearance, etc., if the land transport by other national customs and inland transport routes should also include the procedures of customs clearance and bonded transportation.
If the goods in the purpose of the port of delivery, customs clearance in the port of the local Customs, if including land delivery, the bonded transportation procedures should be handled in the port to inland destinations before customs sealed, and then handled in the inland customs clearance formalities.
9, the goods pay
When the cargo to the destination by the destination agent to notify the consignee delivery, the consignee is regulated by the multimodal transport delivery, the multimodal transport operator or his agent basis having the contract, to charge the full cost payable by the consignee, to recover the issuance of the bill of lading bill of lading, delivery bill of lading to the designated yard and pick up the goods.
If FCL delivery, the consignee to be responsible for the transport of dig box location, and took out the goods after the containers shipped back to the specified yard, at this time, transportation, contract termination.
10 Freight Transport Accident
If the entire transport cargo loss, damage and delay in transit, regardless of whether they can determine the section of the damage occurred, hair (close) the goods may apply to the multimodal transport operator to claim the multimodal transport operator, in accordance with the bill of lading terms and both sides agreement to establish responsibilities and compensation, such as to determine the accident sections and those responsible for its further claims if they can not determine the accident section, generally occur in the maritime segment, if you have cargo and liability insurance exists to require the insurance company paid and further recourse to the insurance company, if the damage and the responsible person can not reach agreement, you will need to resolve the litigation and arbitration within the limitation of actions.
Showing posts with label International Multimodal Transport. Show all posts
Showing posts with label International Multimodal Transport. Show all posts
Friday, April 20, 2012
Thursday, January 5, 2012
International Multimodal Transport
International Multimodal Transport-What is the international multimodal transport?
International multimodal transport is in accordance with the multimodal transport contract, to at least two different modes of transport, the goods by the multimodal transport operator to take over from a country where the goods shipped to another location within the specified delivery of the goods of a mode of transport.
Multimodal transport operator (Combined Transport Operator-CTO), refers to his own or through their representatives entered into a multimodal transport contract to any person. His obligation to carry out multimodal transport contract.
International multimodal transport and international transport of goods is generally the difference:
By a few international multimodal transport operator to bear all transportation. Often the owner is to accept the commission, the transport operators as part of their own transportation for work, while the remaining paragraphs of Transportation commissioned the work to other carriers. But this is different from a single mode of transport, multimodal transport operator is responsible for those receiving care to switch carriers, but the relationship in accordance with the contract of carriage operator is responsible for transport, and the owner does not have any business relationship. Therefore, the multimodal transport operator can be the actual carrier, but also "NVOCC" (Non-Vessel Operating Carrier, referred to as the NVOC). International multimodal transport of goods with the general international main differences are the following:
(1) the contents of shipping documents and production in different ways.
Most of the international multimodal transport as "door to door" transport, so the goods in the shipment or after loading or installed by the actual carrier shall also issue bills of lading or waybill, multimodal transport bill of lading issued by the multimodal transport operator, which is multi-modal intermodal and international freight of any single fundamental difference method. In this case, the ocean bill of lading or waybill on the shipper should be multimodal transport operator, consignee and notify party should normally be for the multimodal transport operator or agent of foreign branches; multimodal transport bill of lading consignee and consignor are real, actual shipper and consignee, notify party is the final port of destination or place of delivery, the consignee or the agent of the consignee.
In addition to the multimodal transport bill of lading specified port of loading, port of discharge, but also out of receipt, delivery or final destination of the name and the name of the first leg of transport, cruises or trips, etc.
(2) the applicability of multimodal transport bill of lading negotiable bill of lading of different sexual and general.
Generally only applies to shipping bill of lading from the intermodal bill of lading in this sense only in the combination of shipping and other modes of transport when applied, but now it also applies in addition to shipping other than two or more different modes of transport coherent cross-border transport (foreign adoption "International multimodal transport document" conceptual confusion can be avoided).
Multimodal transport bill of lading bill of lading to the transferability of the transport with other transport modes into one single non-transferable, so the multimodal transport operator, the shipper's requirements can also be issued to transfer the multi-issue non-transferable intermodal bill of lading. In the case of the former, the consignee column should indicate the rise; the latter case, the consignee, the consignee should be specified column name, and the bill of lading is not transferable.
(3) letters of credit on different terms.
According to the needs of multimodal transport, letters of credit on the terms of the following three points should change:
① to the bank for negotiation of shipping companies can not use the clean bill of lading issued on board, but should be issued by the multimodal transport operator with multimodal bill of lading, the bill of lading should also indicate how the rise of production in order to identify whether the transfer.
② intermodal container transport commonly used (except in exceptional circumstances, such as in foreign engineering machinery and equipment shipped under the contract is not using a container), therefore, should be specified in the letter of credit to increase the use of container transport terms.
③ If one could not help banks turn, replaced by the shipper or consignor, or sent directly to a single multimodal transport operator, consignee or agent as soon as possible in order to obtain the shipping documents to expedite the port of destination (to) the speed of delivery, the should be added in the letter of credit "shipping documents by the consignor or consignee of the multimodal transport operator or its agent sent straight" terms. Such as sending a single by the multimodal transport operator, shippers negotiate settlement of the need for multimodal transport operator shall be issued a "receipt of shipping documents and have been sent" proof.
(4) Customs clearance procedures are different.
General international transport of goods in the port of loading most of the place of delivery, destination, mostly in the port of discharge, and thus to handle customs and clearance procedures are in port of entry and exit of goods. The departure of international multimodal transport of goods, mostly in inland cities, so the only inland customs supervision of goods for transit formalities, conducted by the exit to the customs clearance inspection. The final destination of imported goods such as inner cities, the customs port of entry without inspection is generally only for transit monitoring procedures until the goods reach their final destination by the local customs checkpoints.
International multimodal transport characteristics:
1, the international multimodal transport under the multimodal transport contract. International multimodal transport multimodal transport operator and the contract is entered into by the consignor, in line with the conditions of multimodal transport contract. The contract is based on multimodal transport operator certificate issued by the multimodal transport document, paid, type of contract and not contract.
2, the international multimodal transport of goods, mainly container cargo or containerized cargo. Generally during transport container as the basic unit of transport. Cargo containers of promoting the development of international multimodal transport, container transport and modern since they arise from closely linked with the multimodal transport, making the international intermodal container transport with high efficiency, high-quality, high technology, high put and systemic features.
3, the international multimodal transport in the whole at least two or more different modes of transport international cargo transportation.
4, international multimodal transport is one vote in the end, full implementation of a single rate of transport. Checked only for a shipper, a freight be paid once the insurance, by a transport document, can be achieved from departure to destination throughout the coherent transport. Therefore, it has a simple and unified features.
5, the international multimodal transport is an umbrella organization of different modes of transport. During transport, whether it relates to the modes of transport, the number is divided into sections, international multimodal transport is done by the multimodal transport operator or organization to complete the international multimodal transport operator to be responsible for the entire transport. Take over from the shipment of goods, delivery of the goods at the final destination and the entire transport in the interface between each section of work and related services, by the international multimodal transport operators in different countries or regions of the branch or agent to complete.
6, the international multimodal transport operator, freight transport by road, the choice of mode of transport, the transport section of the division and the actual carrier of choice of each segment to reduce transportation costs, improve transport speed, to achieve reasonable transportation purposes.
International multimodal transport should have the conditions:
(1) between the multimodal transport operator and the shipper must sign a multimodal transport contract to clear commitments to shore up the rights, obligations and immunities of the relationship. Multimodal transport contract is to determine the nature of the fundamental basis, the difference is a major intermodal transport and the general basis.
(2) must be used throughout the multimodal transport document (MultimodalTransportDocuments, M.T.D ·, China is now using C.T.B / L). This document is a document of title, but also securities.
(3) must be full single tariff. The freight charge once, including transportation costs (the sum of each segment of transport fees), management fees and a reasonable profit.
(4) must be a multimodal transport operator overall responsibility for the entire transport. He signed a multimodal transport contract with the shipper of the parties, but also multimodal transport bill of lading or multimodal transport document is issued, he accepted the goods until delivery commitment from the entire transport of goods only responsibility.
(5) must be two or more different modes of coherent transport. Such as sea / sea, iron / iron, air / air transport, although the two-way transport, but still part of multimodal transport, intermodal and multimodal transport is generally an important difference. Meanwhile, in a single mode of transport under the multimodal transport does not belong to short car shuttle.
(6) must be a cross-border international transport of goods. This is the difference between the domestic transport and international transport restrictions.
International multimodal transport program
1, accept the shipment application, concludes a multimodal transport contract
Multimodal transport operator checked according to the owner's application and its transportation routes, etc., the decision whether to accept the application for shipment, the consignor or his agent under way both on the transfer of goods, time, location, payment method and reached agreement and fill out the receipt station, and sent to the multimodal transport operator for its numbers, multimodal transport operator number consignment of goods left together, the other joint returned to the consignor or his agent.
2, the release of empty containers, extraction and transportation
Intermodal containers used by the multimodal transport operator to provide general these containers may be the source of three cases: one is the use of multimodal transport operators purchase their own container, the second is leased to the container by container companies, third, transport by the whole people of a partial shipments, if the agreement on their own packing by the shipper, the multimodal transport operator shall issue a single suitcase or leasing company or sub-operation were issued to the consignor or single suitcase its agent, by the date they are provided to the designated yard will be empty suitcase and hauling their own goods to the packing site, ready loaded.
3, the export declaration
If the multimodal transport from the port started, just in the port declaration; if starting from the inland areas, should be in the vicinity of inland customs export declaration for customs matters normally handled by the consignor or his agent, multimodal transport operators can also be commissioned apply on his behalf, customs station should be provided a receipt, packing list, export licenses and other relevant documents and files.
4, cargo packing and receiving of goods
Packing themselves if the consignor, the consignor or his agent after the extraction of phase space in their factory and warehouse organizations packing, packing work generally after the declaration, please Customs sent to the packing and supervise the installation location and for sealed matters for cargo handling, cargo handling personnel should be invited to the scene with co-production tally and packing list.
For self-packing by the owner of FCL cargo, the shipper shall be responsible for the goods to the place stipulated by the agreement, multimodal transport operator or his representative at the designated locations to receive the goods, if it is LCL, from multi-modal transport operators in the freight station designated to receive the goods, acceptance of goods, multimodal transport operator to receive goods on behalf of people who should be present on the original receipt signature station and deliver to the consignor or his agent.
5, booking and arranging the transportation of goods
Multimodal transport operator, after the conclusion of the contract, the contract should be immediately involved in the development of the container cargo transport plan, the plan should include a cargo transport routes, divided into sections, each section to determine the actual carrier of choice and location of the interval of convergence arrival, departure time, and so on.
Booking mentioned here refers to multimodal transport operator to arrange contact in accordance with transport plans set each section of transport, with the actual carrier of the selected set of sub-district transportation segment contracts, these contracts entered into by the multi-modal transport operators to handle himself or entrust an agent, may also request the previous section, the actual carrier as the carrier back a section of the actual booking.
Cargo transport planning arrangements must be scientific and leave room for the work should be linked, according to the actual situation adjustment programs, to avoid each other out of touch.
6, for the insurance
The consignor, should the insured cargo insurance, the insurance for themselves by the consignor, or shipper's expense and on behalf of the multimodal transport operator handled the whole cargo insurance can be insured, but also for sub- insurance segment, the multimodal transport operator, should the insured cargo and container insurance, liability insurance, by the multimodal transport operator or their agents to insurance companies or other forms of processing.
7, the issue of multimodal transport bill of lading, organize and complete the entire transport of goods
Multimodal transport operator's representative received the goods, multimodal transport operator shall multimodal transport bill of lading issued by the consignor, in the bill of lading to the shipper, you should pay attention to the way agreed by both parties and the content, quantity charged to the shipper to meet all costs.
Multimodal transport operator has completed the entire transport and organization of complete responsibility and obligation, receiving goods, the actual carrier to organize each section, the agency co-ordination and co-representative, complete a full course in each section of each section of the transport the interface between work and make the transport process involved in a variety of service jobs and transport documents, documents and related information such as organization and coordination.
8, the customs transit
By convention, the whole international multimodal transport shall be deemed to international transport of goods, therefore, the part of the work including cargo and container importing countries, customs procedures, import of domestic land transportation segment bonded and customs clearance procedures, etc., if the land transport other countries through customs and inland transportation routes, you should also include these customs clearance and bonded transport procedures.
If the purpose of the port in the delivery of the goods, the customs clearance at the port where customs should be carried out if the land, including delivery, should be bonded in the port for transport procedures, only after the customs seal to inland destinations, and then go through customs clearance in the inland procedures.
9, cargo cover
When the goods to their destination, notify the consignee by the destination agent delivery, the consignee multimodal delivery is regulated by the multimodal transport operator or his agent contract basis having to collect all fees payable by the consignee, back bill of lading bill of lading, bills of lading to the designated delivery person with yard and location of the goods.
If FCL delivery, the consignee is responsible for transportation to the dig site boxes and cargo containers shipped back out after the specified yard, this time, terminate the contract of carriage.
10, cargo handling accidents
If the entire transport of goods occurs loss, damage and shipping delays, the damage occurred regardless of whether the section, send (receive) the goods to the multimodal transport operator who can claim the multimodal transport operator and the two sides under the bill of lading agreement to determine the liability and compensation, if they can determine the actual accident and the responsibility of the section, could further their claims if they can not determine the accident section, the general treatment by the occurrence in the maritime section, if liability insurance of goods and , then there exists requiring the company to further compensation and recourse to the insurance company issues, and if the damage can not be reached between the responsible person, you need to sue within the statute of limitations and arbitration to resolve.
International multimodal transport is in accordance with the multimodal transport contract, to at least two different modes of transport, the goods by the multimodal transport operator to take over from a country where the goods shipped to another location within the specified delivery of the goods of a mode of transport.
Multimodal transport operator (Combined Transport Operator-CTO), refers to his own or through their representatives entered into a multimodal transport contract to any person. His obligation to carry out multimodal transport contract.
International multimodal transport and international transport of goods is generally the difference:
By a few international multimodal transport operator to bear all transportation. Often the owner is to accept the commission, the transport operators as part of their own transportation for work, while the remaining paragraphs of Transportation commissioned the work to other carriers. But this is different from a single mode of transport, multimodal transport operator is responsible for those receiving care to switch carriers, but the relationship in accordance with the contract of carriage operator is responsible for transport, and the owner does not have any business relationship. Therefore, the multimodal transport operator can be the actual carrier, but also "NVOCC" (Non-Vessel Operating Carrier, referred to as the NVOC). International multimodal transport of goods with the general international main differences are the following:
(1) the contents of shipping documents and production in different ways.
Most of the international multimodal transport as "door to door" transport, so the goods in the shipment or after loading or installed by the actual carrier shall also issue bills of lading or waybill, multimodal transport bill of lading issued by the multimodal transport operator, which is multi-modal intermodal and international freight of any single fundamental difference method. In this case, the ocean bill of lading or waybill on the shipper should be multimodal transport operator, consignee and notify party should normally be for the multimodal transport operator or agent of foreign branches; multimodal transport bill of lading consignee and consignor are real, actual shipper and consignee, notify party is the final port of destination or place of delivery, the consignee or the agent of the consignee.
In addition to the multimodal transport bill of lading specified port of loading, port of discharge, but also out of receipt, delivery or final destination of the name and the name of the first leg of transport, cruises or trips, etc.
(2) the applicability of multimodal transport bill of lading negotiable bill of lading of different sexual and general.
Generally only applies to shipping bill of lading from the intermodal bill of lading in this sense only in the combination of shipping and other modes of transport when applied, but now it also applies in addition to shipping other than two or more different modes of transport coherent cross-border transport (foreign adoption "International multimodal transport document" conceptual confusion can be avoided).
Multimodal transport bill of lading bill of lading to the transferability of the transport with other transport modes into one single non-transferable, so the multimodal transport operator, the shipper's requirements can also be issued to transfer the multi-issue non-transferable intermodal bill of lading. In the case of the former, the consignee column should indicate the rise; the latter case, the consignee, the consignee should be specified column name, and the bill of lading is not transferable.
(3) letters of credit on different terms.
According to the needs of multimodal transport, letters of credit on the terms of the following three points should change:
① to the bank for negotiation of shipping companies can not use the clean bill of lading issued on board, but should be issued by the multimodal transport operator with multimodal bill of lading, the bill of lading should also indicate how the rise of production in order to identify whether the transfer.
② intermodal container transport commonly used (except in exceptional circumstances, such as in foreign engineering machinery and equipment shipped under the contract is not using a container), therefore, should be specified in the letter of credit to increase the use of container transport terms.
③ If one could not help banks turn, replaced by the shipper or consignor, or sent directly to a single multimodal transport operator, consignee or agent as soon as possible in order to obtain the shipping documents to expedite the port of destination (to) the speed of delivery, the should be added in the letter of credit "shipping documents by the consignor or consignee of the multimodal transport operator or its agent sent straight" terms. Such as sending a single by the multimodal transport operator, shippers negotiate settlement of the need for multimodal transport operator shall be issued a "receipt of shipping documents and have been sent" proof.
(4) Customs clearance procedures are different.
General international transport of goods in the port of loading most of the place of delivery, destination, mostly in the port of discharge, and thus to handle customs and clearance procedures are in port of entry and exit of goods. The departure of international multimodal transport of goods, mostly in inland cities, so the only inland customs supervision of goods for transit formalities, conducted by the exit to the customs clearance inspection. The final destination of imported goods such as inner cities, the customs port of entry without inspection is generally only for transit monitoring procedures until the goods reach their final destination by the local customs checkpoints.
International multimodal transport characteristics:
1, the international multimodal transport under the multimodal transport contract. International multimodal transport multimodal transport operator and the contract is entered into by the consignor, in line with the conditions of multimodal transport contract. The contract is based on multimodal transport operator certificate issued by the multimodal transport document, paid, type of contract and not contract.
2, the international multimodal transport of goods, mainly container cargo or containerized cargo. Generally during transport container as the basic unit of transport. Cargo containers of promoting the development of international multimodal transport, container transport and modern since they arise from closely linked with the multimodal transport, making the international intermodal container transport with high efficiency, high-quality, high technology, high put and systemic features.
3, the international multimodal transport in the whole at least two or more different modes of transport international cargo transportation.
4, international multimodal transport is one vote in the end, full implementation of a single rate of transport. Checked only for a shipper, a freight be paid once the insurance, by a transport document, can be achieved from departure to destination throughout the coherent transport. Therefore, it has a simple and unified features.
5, the international multimodal transport is an umbrella organization of different modes of transport. During transport, whether it relates to the modes of transport, the number is divided into sections, international multimodal transport is done by the multimodal transport operator or organization to complete the international multimodal transport operator to be responsible for the entire transport. Take over from the shipment of goods, delivery of the goods at the final destination and the entire transport in the interface between each section of work and related services, by the international multimodal transport operators in different countries or regions of the branch or agent to complete.
6, the international multimodal transport operator, freight transport by road, the choice of mode of transport, the transport section of the division and the actual carrier of choice of each segment to reduce transportation costs, improve transport speed, to achieve reasonable transportation purposes.
International multimodal transport should have the conditions:
(1) between the multimodal transport operator and the shipper must sign a multimodal transport contract to clear commitments to shore up the rights, obligations and immunities of the relationship. Multimodal transport contract is to determine the nature of the fundamental basis, the difference is a major intermodal transport and the general basis.
(2) must be used throughout the multimodal transport document (MultimodalTransportDocuments, M.T.D ·, China is now using C.T.B / L). This document is a document of title, but also securities.
(3) must be full single tariff. The freight charge once, including transportation costs (the sum of each segment of transport fees), management fees and a reasonable profit.
(4) must be a multimodal transport operator overall responsibility for the entire transport. He signed a multimodal transport contract with the shipper of the parties, but also multimodal transport bill of lading or multimodal transport document is issued, he accepted the goods until delivery commitment from the entire transport of goods only responsibility.
(5) must be two or more different modes of coherent transport. Such as sea / sea, iron / iron, air / air transport, although the two-way transport, but still part of multimodal transport, intermodal and multimodal transport is generally an important difference. Meanwhile, in a single mode of transport under the multimodal transport does not belong to short car shuttle.
(6) must be a cross-border international transport of goods. This is the difference between the domestic transport and international transport restrictions.
International multimodal transport program
1, accept the shipment application, concludes a multimodal transport contract
Multimodal transport operator checked according to the owner's application and its transportation routes, etc., the decision whether to accept the application for shipment, the consignor or his agent under way both on the transfer of goods, time, location, payment method and reached agreement and fill out the receipt station, and sent to the multimodal transport operator for its numbers, multimodal transport operator number consignment of goods left together, the other joint returned to the consignor or his agent.
2, the release of empty containers, extraction and transportation
Intermodal containers used by the multimodal transport operator to provide general these containers may be the source of three cases: one is the use of multimodal transport operators purchase their own container, the second is leased to the container by container companies, third, transport by the whole people of a partial shipments, if the agreement on their own packing by the shipper, the multimodal transport operator shall issue a single suitcase or leasing company or sub-operation were issued to the consignor or single suitcase its agent, by the date they are provided to the designated yard will be empty suitcase and hauling their own goods to the packing site, ready loaded.
3, the export declaration
If the multimodal transport from the port started, just in the port declaration; if starting from the inland areas, should be in the vicinity of inland customs export declaration for customs matters normally handled by the consignor or his agent, multimodal transport operators can also be commissioned apply on his behalf, customs station should be provided a receipt, packing list, export licenses and other relevant documents and files.
4, cargo packing and receiving of goods
Packing themselves if the consignor, the consignor or his agent after the extraction of phase space in their factory and warehouse organizations packing, packing work generally after the declaration, please Customs sent to the packing and supervise the installation location and for sealed matters for cargo handling, cargo handling personnel should be invited to the scene with co-production tally and packing list.
For self-packing by the owner of FCL cargo, the shipper shall be responsible for the goods to the place stipulated by the agreement, multimodal transport operator or his representative at the designated locations to receive the goods, if it is LCL, from multi-modal transport operators in the freight station designated to receive the goods, acceptance of goods, multimodal transport operator to receive goods on behalf of people who should be present on the original receipt signature station and deliver to the consignor or his agent.
5, booking and arranging the transportation of goods
Multimodal transport operator, after the conclusion of the contract, the contract should be immediately involved in the development of the container cargo transport plan, the plan should include a cargo transport routes, divided into sections, each section to determine the actual carrier of choice and location of the interval of convergence arrival, departure time, and so on.
Booking mentioned here refers to multimodal transport operator to arrange contact in accordance with transport plans set each section of transport, with the actual carrier of the selected set of sub-district transportation segment contracts, these contracts entered into by the multi-modal transport operators to handle himself or entrust an agent, may also request the previous section, the actual carrier as the carrier back a section of the actual booking.
Cargo transport planning arrangements must be scientific and leave room for the work should be linked, according to the actual situation adjustment programs, to avoid each other out of touch.
6, for the insurance
The consignor, should the insured cargo insurance, the insurance for themselves by the consignor, or shipper's expense and on behalf of the multimodal transport operator handled the whole cargo insurance can be insured, but also for sub- insurance segment, the multimodal transport operator, should the insured cargo and container insurance, liability insurance, by the multimodal transport operator or their agents to insurance companies or other forms of processing.
7, the issue of multimodal transport bill of lading, organize and complete the entire transport of goods
Multimodal transport operator's representative received the goods, multimodal transport operator shall multimodal transport bill of lading issued by the consignor, in the bill of lading to the shipper, you should pay attention to the way agreed by both parties and the content, quantity charged to the shipper to meet all costs.
Multimodal transport operator has completed the entire transport and organization of complete responsibility and obligation, receiving goods, the actual carrier to organize each section, the agency co-ordination and co-representative, complete a full course in each section of each section of the transport the interface between work and make the transport process involved in a variety of service jobs and transport documents, documents and related information such as organization and coordination.
8, the customs transit
By convention, the whole international multimodal transport shall be deemed to international transport of goods, therefore, the part of the work including cargo and container importing countries, customs procedures, import of domestic land transportation segment bonded and customs clearance procedures, etc., if the land transport other countries through customs and inland transportation routes, you should also include these customs clearance and bonded transport procedures.
If the purpose of the port in the delivery of the goods, the customs clearance at the port where customs should be carried out if the land, including delivery, should be bonded in the port for transport procedures, only after the customs seal to inland destinations, and then go through customs clearance in the inland procedures.
9, cargo cover
When the goods to their destination, notify the consignee by the destination agent delivery, the consignee multimodal delivery is regulated by the multimodal transport operator or his agent contract basis having to collect all fees payable by the consignee, back bill of lading bill of lading, bills of lading to the designated delivery person with yard and location of the goods.
If FCL delivery, the consignee is responsible for transportation to the dig site boxes and cargo containers shipped back out after the specified yard, this time, terminate the contract of carriage.
10, cargo handling accidents
If the entire transport of goods occurs loss, damage and shipping delays, the damage occurred regardless of whether the section, send (receive) the goods to the multimodal transport operator who can claim the multimodal transport operator and the two sides under the bill of lading agreement to determine the liability and compensation, if they can determine the actual accident and the responsibility of the section, could further their claims if they can not determine the accident section, the general treatment by the occurrence in the maritime section, if liability insurance of goods and , then there exists requiring the company to further compensation and recourse to the insurance company issues, and if the damage can not be reached between the responsible person, you need to sue within the statute of limitations and arbitration to resolve.
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