International Flow Of Technology-What is the international flow of technology?
The international flow of technology is the transfer of technology in the international community. Flow and transfer of technology between countries or regions have a long history, such as China, Egypt, India and Babylon, the ancient civilizations of the many technological inventions spread to the West is proof. However, the modern international flow of technology, mainly developed after World War II, especially the past three decades has been developing rapidly.
The type of international technology flows
The international flow of technology and transfer of commercial and noncommercial two kinds:
Non-commercial transfer of technology mainly refers to the intergovernmental exchange of visits between the free aid, and economic organizations or individuals investigated, lectures, intelligence and information exchange activities of technology transfer. This technology transfer is gratuitous, and is also limited.
Commercial technology transfer, in accordance with international commodity transactions between the government or private enterprise, signed a contract for the sale of technology, paid to achieve technology transfer.
The causes of the international flow of technology
The flow of international to the following factors:
First of all, science and technology become relatively independent factors of production, plays a decisive role in the development of productive forces, which prompted the technology to become the important factor of production into the market.
Secondly, the rapid development of production and the internationalization of capital, the world, increasing emphasis on international technology exchange and to strengthen joint development, which promote the flow of technology on the basis of mutual benefit.
Once again, science and technology development imbalance between the countries in the world, technologically advanced countries tend to use the technological gap between its comparative advantages and in different countries, technology transfer out of their own is about to be eliminated, to seek new economic interests.
Finally, the multinational's global business activities, and promote technology to the constant expansion of international liquidity.
New development of the international flow of technology:
First, the increasing scale of international technology flows. At present, the amount of international technology flows accounted for about 1/3 of the world total commodity flows.
Secondly, the international technology flows faster than the flow rate of the other factors of production.
Third, the international flow of technology to further the movement of goods combined.
Fourth, the international technology flows, and capital flows, combined with international direct investment activity is always accompanied by the international transfer of technology.
Fifth, the proportion of software technology in the flow of technology is growing rapidly.
Sixth, the monopoly of the international flow of technology to be further strengthened. Technologically advanced countries in order to keep themselves in a good position in the flow of technology, they are inevitable monopoly of advanced technology. More than 80% of the international flow of technology between developed countries, they require all sorts of restrictive clauses, to hinder the participation of developing countries in the international flow of technology.
