Bill of lading -What is a bill of lading
Bill of lading the goods of the property certificate,it is the dominant ownership of the goods documents, so there is the transfer of bills of lading, credit, mortgage, or according to the claim and delivery purposes.
Bill of Lading - Introduction
Introduction bill of lading bill of lading in English formerly known as Bill 0fLr ~ ding, later changed to only 11 0fLading (16 century, the Oxford dictionary, the first time in Cambodia and Bill of Lading the word). It is used to prove that the contract of carriage of goods by sea, and the goods have been received by the carrier or the ship, animal husbandry, as well as the carrier to deliver the goods by virtue of the document. Set forth in the bill of lading to deliver the goods to the division A, or by j!) L his instructions direct the delivery of rent-objects, or to hold the bill of lading terms of delivery of the goods actually constitute the carrier to deliver the goods, according to the guarantee.
The term is only applicable to bills of lading in maritime transport and maritime transport a combination of multi-modal transport document does not apply to land, air and other transport documents. Bill of lading as a carrier and the shipper to transport between the two sides of rights and obligations. Although generally it is not signed by both parties to a contract, but constituted the major items, such as lease vessel name, sailing date, route, through Hong Kong as well as other projects related to freight transport, are well known; and freight and transportation conditions, the carrier is also a pre-requirement. Therefore, the shipper or his agent to the carrier when booking was that the contract shall set up, so although the content of articles drawn up unilaterally by the carrier, the shipper should think that both sides have recognized that a contract of carriage. Therefore, it is customary to transport in the future will become the basis for a variety of issues.
Bill of Lading - the type of bill of lading bill of lading types of many different types can be classified according to different forms, mainly in the following categories:
1. According to whether the goods have been shipped Categories On board bill of lading (ON BOARD B / L or SHIPPED B / L). The bill of lading that the goods listed in the bill of lading has been loaded on the ship, in the bill of lading stated name of the vessel and loading transmission date. In foreign trade, commercial units and banks require the provision of such bill of lading, which is after the goods had been shipped from the carrier, master or his agent would be issued. Received for shipment bill of lading (RECEIVED FOR SHIPPED B / L). Routes run on a regular basis at a fixed liner, in order to guarantee not to delay sailing in the ship to Hong Kong ahead of the organization before the cargo acceptance of the cargo. Namely, first a temporary dock and warehouse the goods, etc. After the arrival of ships can be loaded quickly. This should be the shipper of the goods after storage requires the issuance of bill of lading, that is received for shipment bill of lading. "This bill of lading that the goods have been focused on only a wharf to be loaded. When the loading of the goods, it needs to be returned, and the other in exchange has been shipment bill of lading or by the carrier or his agent received the bill of lading to be transported to fill out the actual shipment date and the name of the vessel, making it shipped bill of lading. container transport is sometimes received for shipment bill of lading bill of lading bill of lading and shipped the sam.
2. According to the consignee, the rise of sub - Direct bill of lading (ORDER B / L). This bill of lading the consignee name column, "shipper (ORDER OF SHIPPER)" or "XX bank instructions (ORDER OF BANK OF XX)", "consignee instructions (ORDER OF CONSIGNEE)", "instructions ( ORDER) "and other words, it means that the shipper, XX bank or consignee's instructions to deliver the goods. If not specify who directs the shipper's instructions as a basis for delivery. This endorsement of the bill of lading from the shipper (referring to the rise of the shipper, "or instruction"), or an endorsement by the consignee (referring to the rise of the "consignee instructions" time) can be delivery. The bill of lading is also a transferable securities (NEGOTIABLE DOCUMENT), that such holder of the bill of lading can be endorsed by way of the bill of lading transferred to others, thus facilitating the circulation and also help in the circulation problems that occur during the search according to the order of endorsement reasons. Straight Bill of Lading (STRAIGHT B / L), also known as the rise of the bill of lading the consignee. That in the bill of lading, the consignee the name column, clear the name of the consignee, rather than writing "or instruction" indication. This bill of lading is only developed by the consignee for delivery. Under normal circumstances, when the consignee has not received the bill of lading, we also can determine their shipping companies to provide notice or to guarantee delivery. Such a bill of lading does not have the liquidity, that is non-transferable. When a debt relationship must be transferred, the need to go through the procedure set out in order to handle hair. Such a bill of lading only in the delivery of a number of valuable goods or goods of China's foreign aid and other transportation used in general trade goods rarely use such a bill of lading. Bearer bill of lading (BLANK B / L OR OPEN B / L OR BEARER B / L). The shipper in the bill of lading did not specify any of the consignee. This transfer does not require any endorsement of the bill of lading procedures, delivery of the bill of lading alone, it is extremely simple, but once the bill of lading is lost, it is easy to disputes.
3. According to the apparent condition of the goods or not classified Comments Clean bill of lading (CLEAN B / L), This is the apparent condition of the goods, when delivered well, the carrier issuing the bill of lading when the goods have not added any impact on the appearance of state, the number, quality, and so impede the settlement of the endorsement of the bill of lading. Bank settlement, they all pay clean bill of lading provisions. Unclean Bill of Lading (FOUL B / L or UNCLEAN B / L). This is due to the carrier to ship the goods to the surface state is responsible, where the shipper to ship the goods, the event package is not strong, breakage, leakage, signs such phenomena unclear when the ship in a single receipt endorsement on "XX packed in broken", "XX barrel leakage" and other relevant circumstances, unless the cargo immediate repair or replacement, or will be receiving a single ship can still turn on the comments recorded in the bill of lading, this dirty bill of lading bill of lading will be called. This bill of lading, banks do not accept the settlement. Therefore, some shippers to obtain the clean bill of lading in order to settlement, often a bond to the ship, to ensure that these claims for damaged goods such as occurs by the guarantor is responsible for, so that ship to issue clean bills of lading. This is to cover up the truth of the goods shipped, so ship must be handled carefully. The United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea, within the provisions of this was to allow for such practices, but the effectiveness of a certain limit.
4. According to the cargo transportation process classification Direct bill of lading. Both the ship from the port of loading, after loading, half-way without a boat and sailed for the port of discharge, in which case the bill of lading issued by said direct bill of lading. Combined transport bill of lading. When transported by ocean-going ships on the entire transportation of goods can not complete the task, need to use other means of transport pick up, that is generated through transport (including land and sea transport, intermodal Jianghai or sea-air transport, etc.), then the carrier must Fat transport bill of lading, this bill of lading, regardless of mode of transport which are generally combined transport bill of lading issued by shipping companies. Transshipment bill of lading. When a cargo ship loaded in the port of loading does not proceed directly to the port of destination of the goods, while others require one or more intermediate port facelift transported to another vessel, the necessary trans-shipment bill of lading issued.
